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Home > "C" Clinical Trials Conditions > Clozapine vs. Placebo in Treatment-Refractory Bipolar Disorder in Children and Adolescents  Clozapine vs. Placebo in Treatment-Refractory Bipolar Disorder in Children and Adolescents
Clozapine vs. Placebo in Treatment-Refractory Bipolar Disorder in Children and Adolescents
For Condition: Bipolar Disorder
Status: Completed
Sponsor(s): National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) ,
Synopsis: The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and effectiveness of clozapine in children and adolescents with treatment resistant bipolar disorder. This study will also explore how the brain functions in early-onset bipolar disorder.
Details: Bipolar disorder (BPD) in children and adolescents is a serious illness that carries a high risk for chronicity, impairing comorbidities, and completed suicide. Treatment options are often limited by inefficacy or intolerable side effects. Open trials in adult bipolar subjects and several case series in children and adolescents provide preliminary evidence that clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic, may be effective in treatment-resistant bipolar disorder. The first specific aim of this study is to test the efficacy and safety of clozapine compared to placebo in a double-blind study of children and adolescents with treatment refractory BPD. Other specific aims involve exploring the pathophysiology of early-onset BPD by 1) testing the hypotheses that, compared to controls, children with BPD have increased psychophysiological reactivity to emotional stimuli and decreased prepulse inhibition; 2) obtaining samples of genetic material from affected probands and their parents for later analysis; and 3) identifying anatomic changes in the brains of children with BPD using structural MRI.
Eligibility:
Study Type: Interventional, Treatment, Efficacy
Minimum Age/Maximum Age: /
Genders: Both
Protocol Entry Criteria: INCLUSION CRITERIA (All 5 must be met): Children with BPD Ages 8-17 Currently meets criteria for bipolar disorder, manic or mixed, as determined by the K-SADS diagnostic interview. Treatment-resistant, defined as a history of unsuccessful trials of lithium (documented level of greater than 0.8 mEq/L), valproic acid (documented level of greater than 50 ug/ml), carbamazepine (documented level greater than or equal to 6 ug/ml), a neuroleptic as well as a combination of two of these agents. Each trial must have been at least 6 weeks long. A trial will be considered unsuccessful if the medication was discontinued because of intolerable side-effects. The child should be in treatment with a community psychiatrist to whom they will return upon completion of the study. Current CGAS score less than 50 EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Children with BPD Full scale IQ less than 80 Meets criteria for substance use disorder in the three months prior to randomization Currently pregnant, lactating, or sexually active without using a barrier method of contraception Previous treatment with clozapine History of seizures History of leukopenia or agranulocytosis Presence of an unstable medical illness INCLUSION CRITERIA: CONTROLS Control subjects will be age- and sex- matched to the BPD subjects. They will have normal physical and neurological examinations, and an identified primary care physician. Both control subjects and their first-degree relatives must be free of current or past psychopathology. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: CONTROLS I.Q less than 80; ongoing medical illness; neurologic disorder (including seizures); pregnancy; meeting past or present criteria for any diagnosis on the K-SADS-PL; meeting criterion A of post-traumatic stress disorder (exposure to a traumatic event).
Total Enrollment: 116
Location and Contact Information:
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Bethesda, Maryland, 20892
United States
Additional Information:
Study ID Numbers: 020198; 02-M-0198
Study Start Date: May 8, 2002
Record last reviewed: February 16, 2004
Additional information available at: clinicaltrials.gov
Clinicaltrials.gov Reference link: NCT00036582
Other Bipolar Disorder Studies:
1. Treatment and Outcome of Early Onset Bipolar Disorder
2. A study to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of topiramate compared to placebo in the treatment of Bipolar I Disorder.
3. Evaluation of the Genetics of Bipolar Disorder
4. An Inpatient Study of the Effectiveness and Safety of Depakote ER in the Treatment of Mania/Bipolar Disorder
5. Optimizing Electroconvulsive Therapy for Depression
Related Studies:
Other Bipolar Disorder Clinical Trials
Other Maryland Clinical Trials
Other Bethesda Clinical Trials
Clozapine vs. Placebo in Treatment-Refractory Bipolar Disorder in Children and Adolescents
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