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Home > "B" Clinical Trials Conditions > Brain Imaging in Children With AD/HD  Brain Imaging in Children With AD/HD
Brain Imaging in Children With AD/HD
For Condition: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity,Healthy
Status: Recruiting
Sponsor(s): National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) ,
Synopsis: The purpose of this study is to use brain imaging technology to study the connections between brain regions in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD), and comparing them to children without AD/HD. This study will build upon previous brain imaging studies of healthy volunteers and children who have AD/HD. This study will use diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) to visualize and measure certain parts of the brains of identical twin pairs in which one twin has AD/HD, combined type. Participants in this study will be screened with questionnaires and interviews, psychometric testing, and a physical examination. Participants' medical and educational records may be reviewed. Participants will undergo an MRI scan of the brain. Prior to the MRI, participants will have a training session in a simulated MRI scanner to learn how to lie still during MRI scanning. Participants may be asked to return for a follow-up scan in about 2 years.
Details: The proposed project builds on our anatomic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies that have been performed with the 1.5-Tesla scanner in children who have Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and normal controls. We now propose to use diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) as conventional T(1)- and T(2)-weighted images at 3-Tesla to visualize and quantify white matter tracts in the brains of normal monozygotic (MZ) twins, MZ twins who are concordant for ADHD, and MZ twins who are discordant for ADHD. Ages will range from 6-21. Our principal focus will be on development and possible abnormalities of white matter tracts linking prefrontal-striatal-thalamic circuits in which we hypothesize disruption of these tracts in affected twins relative to their healthy co-twins. We will also explore the usefulness of this technique in delineating white matter in cerebellar circuits and characterized the normal development of white matter from ages 6 to 21 by using a single healthy twin per family.
Eligibility:
Study Type: Observational, Natural History
Minimum Age/Maximum Age: /
Genders: Both
Protocol Entry Criteria: INCLUSION CRITERIA: PILOT SUBJECTS: Subjects for pilot data collection will initially be up to 10 unscreened adult volunteers who have been previously studied on the 1.5-Tesla Signa scanner. Subjects will be required to provide informed consent, and to not have any medical exclusions as noted in the consent form and below, particularly metallic objects and/or pregnancy. Once procedures are optimized, up to 10 pediatric subjects will be studied. These pilot subjects will be derived from the normal control pool of subjects who have been previously studied on the 1.5-Tesla Signa scanner. Informed consent and signed assent will be required, with the same exclusions. MONOZYGOTIC TWINS: Subjects must be monozygotic twins (MZ) as confirmed by twin-similarity questionnaire and by molecular cheek swab testing by polymerase chain reaction short tandem repeat multiplex loci sets to find differences in the DNA types of the two co-twins. The primary test set includes nine to fourteen unlinked loci with a combined matching probability for siblings p less than .0001. Cases yielding a probability of twinship less than 0.99 are tested further to a total of 21 loci. Subjects may also be requested to participate in an associated genetic protocol (96-M-0060). ADHD PROBANDS: Monozygotic twin. Aged 6 - 21 years. DSM-IV diagnosis of ADHD. Age adjusted dimensional ratings (Conners Rating Scales-Revised, or Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD and Normal Behavior (SWAN)) hyperactivity/impulsivity greater than or equal to 95th percentile in affected twin. NORMAL PEDIATRIC VOLUNTEERS: Except for pilot subjects (up to 10 subjects), subjects must be a monozygotic twin. Same age-range as probands. Parent and teacher ratings within one SD of population means on ADHD/hyperactivity factors. Consent and assent obtained in writing. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Consent and assent must be obtained in writing. Presence of other psychiatric disorders that can produce symptoms similar to ADHD are excluded (e.g., major depression, bipolar disorder, severe anxiety disorders, pervasive developmental disorders, psychotic disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder). Presence of neuropsychiatric conditions that may confound evaluation of ADHD are excluded (e.g., Tourette's syndrome, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or PANDAS (pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcus). Presence of metal objects, pregnancy, or inability to provide a specimen to rule out pregnancy in females over age 14 are excluded. Presence of any psychiatric disorders on structured psychiatric interview (DICA-IV). Presence of known genetic conditions. Presence or history of medical conditions. Presence of metal objects, pregnancy, or inability to provide a specimen to rule out pregnancy in females over age 14.
Total Enrollment: 120
Location and Contact Information:
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) *Recruiting*
Bethesda, Maryland, 20892
United States
Recruiting Patient and Public Liaison Office 1-800-411-1222
Additional Information:
Study ID Numbers: 010064; 01-M-0064
Study Start Date: January 12, 2001
Record last reviewed: January 9, 2004
Additional information available at: clinicaltrials.gov
Clinicaltrials.gov Reference link: NCT00008892
Other Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity Studies:
1. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Treatment of Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
2. Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
3. Assessment of Attentional Functioning in Children with HIV-1 Infection
4. Brain Imaging in Children With AD/HD
5. Methylphenidate in Children and Adolescents with Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Related Studies:
Other Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Clinical Trials
Other Maryland Clinical Trials
Other Bethesda Clinical Trials
Brain Imaging in Children With AD/HD
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